Polyphenol Extract from Evening Primrose (Oenothera paradoxa) Inhibits Invasion Properties of Human Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Cells

Our plain-English summary of Polyphenol Extract from Evening Primrose (Oenothera paradoxa) Inhibits Invasion Properties of Human Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Cells, by M. Chmielewska-Kassassir, K. Sobierajska, W.M. Ciszewski, et al (Biomolecules, 2020).

The study

• Authors: M. Chmielewska-Kassassir, K. Sobierajska, W.M. Ciszewski, M. Bukowiecka-Matusiak, D. Szczesna, I. Burzynska-Pedziwiatr, W. Wiczkowski, W. Wagner, L.A. Wozniak
• Journal: Biomolecules
• Published: 2020;10(11)
• Cited by: 11 articles, as counted by NIH iCite
• Read it: PubMed · Publisher · Free full text

Abstract

Extracts from the defatted evening primrose (Oenothera paradoxa Hudziok) seeds are the source of a range of stable polyphenolic compounds, including ellagic acid, gallic acid, and catechin. Our studies evaluate, for the first time, the influence of evening primrose isopropanol extract (EPE) on malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cells. MPM is rarely diagnosed, its high aggressiveness and frequently noted chemoresistance limit its treatment schemes and it is characterized by low prognostic features. Here, we demonstrate that EPE inhibited MPM growth in a dose-dependent manner in cells with increased invasion properties. Moreover, EPE treatment resulted in cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and increased apoptosis in invasive MPM cell lines. Additionally, EPE strongly limited invasion and MMP-7 secretion in MPM cancer cells. Our original data provide evidence about the potential anti-invasive effects of EPE in MPM therapy treatment.

In plain English

This laboratory study tested a plant extract on human cancer cells grown in dishes. It did not study asbestos exposure, animals or patients. The authors made an extract from defatted evening primrose (Oenothera paradoxa) seeds, whose main identified polyphenols were ellagic acid, gallic acid and catechin, and applied it to three malignant pleural mesothelioma cell lines: NCI-H28, MSTO-H211 and JU77. The extract slowed growth of MSTO-H211 and JU77 cells (IC50 values of 240.8 and 272 µg/mL) but barely affected NCI-H28 (IC50 above 1000 µg/mL). At 300 µg/mL, the number of JU77 cells held at the G2/M stage of cell division rose 2.2 times, and apoptotic (dying) cells rose 2.14-fold. NCI-H28 showed no G2/M change and a statistically insignificant rise in apoptosis. At 100 µg/mL, the slowing of cell movement in MSTO-H211 and JU77 was not statistically significant. However, invasion through a gel barrier fell 5-fold, and release of the enzyme MMP-7 fell 3.07-fold (MSTO-H211) and 3.27-fold (JU77). The authors concluded the extract might be used as an add-on treatment for mesothelioma.

We wrote this plain-English summary from the full article with the help of AI, and a second AI model checked each sentence against the article. It is not the authors' wording; the abstract and the article are their own account.

What the study did and found

• Design: In vitro laboratory study of an evening primrose seed extract on human malignant pleural mesothelioma cell lines (growth, cell cycle, apoptosis, migration, invasion and MMP-7 secretion assays)
• Who was studied: Three human malignant pleural mesothelioma cell lines (NCI-H28, MSTO-H211 and JU77), donated by Queen Mary University of London, UK; no patients or animals
• Exposure: Isopropanol extract of defatted evening primrose (Oenothera paradoxa) seeds, tested at 100 to 300 µg/mL in the main experiments; asbestos exposure was not studied
• Main results:
  • Total polyphenols made up around 21% of the dried extract mass (24-hour extract)
  • Ellagic acid, gallic acid and catechin made up 37.3%, 24.7% and 11.2% of the total polyphenols in the extract
  • Growth inhibition after 72 h: IC50 240.8 µg/mL in MSTO-H211 and 272 µg/mL in JU77 cells; NCI-H28 was only slightly affected (IC50 above 1000 µg/mL)
  • In JU77 cells, 300 µg/mL increased the number of cells in the G2/M phase 2.2 times compared with untreated cells
  • In NCI-H28 cells, there was no effect on the G2/M phase and only a slight increase in the S phase
  • In JU77 cells, 300 µg/mL produced a 2.14-fold increase in apoptotic cells; the slight increase in NCI-H28 cells was statistically insignificant
  • Migration (wound healing) at 100 µg/mL: inhibition in MSTO-H211 and JU77 was insignificant (MSTO-H211 less than 25%, JU77 about 10% slower)
  • Invasion at 100 µg/mL: 5-fold decrease in invaded cell numbers for MSTO-H211 and JU77; NCI-H28 was not sensitive
  • MMP-7 secretion fell 3.07-fold in MSTO-H211 and 3.27-fold in JU77 cells; no alteration was detectable in NCI-H28
• The authors' conclusion: The authors concluded that the extract might be used as an adjuvant (add-on) in mesothelioma treatment and could increase survival of patients with invasive mesothelioma

Topics

The National Library of Medicine indexes this study under subjects our site covers: Mesothelioma.

Medical terms in this study, explained in our Lexicon: Pleural Mesothelioma, Apoptosis.

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