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Advocate Mines, Burlington Peninsula, Newfoundland

The Advocate mine was an open-pit chrysotile mine near Baie Verte, on the Burlington Peninsula of northeastern Newfoundland, "3.8 miles from the town of Baie Verte" in the words of the U.S. Bureau of Mines' Minerals Yearbook.13,14 The yearbook for 1955 reported "the discovery of a large deposit of asbestos" by Advocate Mines on the peninsula, where airborne surveys and drilling "indicated an ore body 2,500 feet long and 300 feet wide."15 Asbestos, the industry's trade journal, said in 1957 that the deposit was "discovered by company prospectors George McNaughton of Timmins, and Norman Peters of Newfoundland."16

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Proving the deposit

In September 1956, drawing on the Canadian Mining Journal, Asbestos called the find "the major asbestos discovery of Advocate Mines," made in its "huge concession (1,575 square miles)."17 In February 1957 the company's president announced that diamond drilling "has blocked out a major asbestos deposit, ideal for cheap open-pit mining," and the journal reported that work from "a 100-foot prospect shaft" had "blocked out 13,500,000 tons valued at $114,750,000."16 The yearbook for 1957 described the fiber as "unsuited for spinning," a "semiharsh, free-filtering type of chrysotile well adapted for manufacturing pipe and other asbestos-cement products."10

The reserve estimates grew and differed by source: in April 1958 Asbestos reported that Advocate had "outlined some 29 million tons of ore grading $8.17 a ton," while the yearbook for 1958 set the reserve at "23 million tons of asbestos rock, valued at $10 a ton."1,18 The yearbook for 1961 said that "ore reserve estimates rose to 40 million tons," and the yearbook for 1963 gave "proven ore reserves" of "about 41.3 million tons, averaging 3.5 percent Group 4 fiber."7,9 A test mill produced "more than 200 tons of fiber" in 1959, which was "shipped to plants in the United States and Europe for further testing."5

The owners

The yearbook for 1958 reported that "Advocate Mines, Ltd., of Quebec, Johns-Manville, Patino, Ltd., of Canada, and two European firms signed an agreement to develop" the prospect.1 Johns-Manville's chairman, in a statement printed in Asbestos, said that Canadian Johns-Manville "and a group of investors joined in September with Advocate Mines Limited, of Toronto," and estimated "it will take about 3½ years before the ore body and mill will be ready for commercial production."3 The yearbook for 1963 said the project had been "financed by Johns-Manville (49.62 percent), The Patino Mining Corp. of Canada (17.3 percent), and Amvet Corp. and Financière Belge De L'Abeste-Ciment (16.54 percent each)."9 Canadian Johns-Manville managed the operation; in 1979 Asbestos listed "Johns-Manville Canada (Mine Manager; 30.60%)" first among the asbestos companies holding "some 77.4% of the shares."8,19

Building the mine

H. M. Woodrooffe of the Canadian Department of Mines and Technical Surveys wrote of the decision in October 1960 "to prepare the Newfoundland deposit of Advocate Mines Limited for production in 1963."6 The yearbook for 1961 called it a "$20 million asbestos project scheduled for production in 1963," and said "the proposed milling rate" had been "increased from 3,000 to 5,000 tons of ore per day"; the yearbook for 1963 called it "the $25 million project."7,9 The yearbook for 1962 reported that "stripping of waste continued in preparation for production to start in mid-1963."8 The yearbook for 1963 then reported that Advocate, "Canada's newest asbestos producer, reached capacity of 5,000 tons per day of asbestos ore," and the yearbook for 1965 that "the mine began production in 1963."9,13

Output

The company, as Asbestos reported it, said its mill "handled 2,098,630 tons, producing 60,646 tons of A-25 grade asbestos fibre and 995 tons of A-35" in 1965.20 In 1967 "the mill operated 303 days and produced 63,664 tons of fiber," and in 1970 it operated "340 days, resulting in production of 70,835 tons of A-25 fiber."21,22 In December 1975 Asbestos wrote that the mine "annually produces some 80,000 short tons of QAMA Grades 4-6."23 The company's report for 1976 gave "a total of 84,446 tons of fiber valued at $31,790,277," and its report for 1979 "total A-25 fiber production" of "48,127 tonnes."14,24 The fiber was "sold pursuant to long-term sales contracts with Compagnie Financiere Eternit S.A., Belgium, and Johns-Manville Sales Corporation, United States."14

Dust

The company's report for 1976, as Asbestos printed it, said that "all dust monitoring stations were maintained at acceptable dust levels," against a government maximum of "five fibers per cubic centimeter," and that "most of the Advocate stations are now under two fibers/cc."24 Projects completed in 1979 included "the $2.3-million air handling system in the crusher and dryer building," and in 1980 "the new dry rock storage dust filtration system became operational."14

The people

Asbestos, drawing on a report by Jones Heward & Co., said in 1979 that Advocate "employs about 575 workers," while the company's own report counted "527 hourly-paid and 81 salaried employees" at the end of that year.14,19 The journal attributed a loss in the first half of 1978 to "a three-month strike by the firm's hourly paid workers and to the significant wall failure in the North Pit which occurred in late 1977."25

Closing and after

The Minerals Yearbook for 1981 reported that "after a temporary closure in August," the mine "was scheduled for permanent closure on December 31, 1981"; the principal owners, Johns Manville Canada and Compagnie Financiere Eternit, said the decision "was mainly a problem of cash flow and the economics of an overburden-to-ore ratio of 6 to 1."12 The yearbook for 1982 said that the federal and Newfoundland governments "prevented, at least temporarily, the closing," and that "the Newfoundland government expropriated the mine and sold it to Transpacific Asbestos, Inc."26 In 1988 Baie Verte Mines Inc. "began finalizing a program for expansion of its open pit mine," and in 1990 it "completed construction and began operation of its wet-process plant," which made a pelletized product that, the yearbook said, "generated less dust during handling."27,28 The U.S. Geological Survey reported in 1998 that "the mine was operated by Teranov Mining Corp. until 1995," and that "the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador was accepting bids on the Baie Verte asbestos mine."29

The documents report this mine producing asbestos fiber for sale.24

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Location

Burlington Peninsula, Newfoundland, the town named in the documents. The dot marks the town, not the mine itself.

Output the documents report

Figures as printed, in the units each document uses (short tons before about 1990, metric tons after, in most U.S. chapters). Some are a year's output, some a daily rate or a capacity, some a company's total rather than this mine's alone; the statement for that year below says which.

Year Figure Source
1962 40,000 tons of fiber annually 8
1963 60,000 tons per year of asbestos fiber 9
1965 12,882 tons 30
1965 488,439 tons of ore crushed 30
1965 2,100,000 tons of ore mined 20
1965 61,641 tons of fibre 20
1966 60,000 tons of fibre per year (capacity) 31
1966 32,694 tons of fiber 32
1967 63,664 tons of fiber 21
1970 2,320,862 tons of ore mined 22
1970 70,835 tons of A-25 fiber 22
1975 80,000 short tons 23
1976 45,266 tons of asbestos 33
1976 66,054 tons 2
1976 84,446 tons of fiber 24
1977 58,191 tons of fiber 34
1978 12,512 metric tonnes of asbestos fiber shipped 25
1979 43,944 metric tonnes of fiber 19
1979 48,127 tonnes 14
1980 52,514 tonnes of fiber 35

Year by year

Every statement about this mine in the documents, in each document's own words, by the year it is about.

1955

  • Exploration: “The discovery of a large deposit of asbestos has been reported by Advocate Mines on the Burlington Peninsula” (Advocate Mines), p. 1215
  • Reserves: “an ore body 2,500 feet long and 300 feet wide” (Advocate Mines), p. 1215

1956

  • Exploration: “the major asbestos discovery of Advocate Mines ... made in Advocates huge concession (1,575 square miles) on the Burlington Peninsula” (Advocate Mines), as reported by Canadian Mining Journal, p. 5817
  • Reserves: “Drilling already has shown an estimated sixty-five thousand tons per vertical foot” (Advocate Mines), as reported by Canadian Mining Journal, p. 5817
  • Exploration: “reported a major asbestos discovery near Baie Verte” (Advocate Mines), p. 1136
  • Description: “the fibers are of good quality, and ... virtually all of them fall in the Group 4 and shorter grades” (Advocate Mines), p. 1136
  • Reserves: “blocked out 13,500,000 tons valued at $114,750,000 based on ore grade of $8.50 per ton” (Advocate Mines Limited), p. 1816
  • Exploration: “Extensive diamond drilling ... in 1956 has blocked out a major asbestos deposit, ideal for cheap open-pit mining” (Advocate Mines Limited), said by Advocate Mines Limited, as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 1816
  • Reserves: “the West ore body of 4,000,000 tons; the South ore body of 2,500,000 tons and the North ore body of 7,000,000 tons” (Advocate Mines Limited), p. 1816
  • Exploration: “Discovered by company prospectors George McNaughton of Timmins, and Norman Peters of Newfoundland” (Advocate Mines Limited), p. 1816
  • Description: “a 100-foot prospect shaft” (Advocate Mines Limited), p. 1816
  • Exploration: “Advocate Asbestos Mines Ltd. reported the discovery of an asbestos deposit on the Burlington Peninsula” (Advocate Asbestos Mines Ltd.), p. 1637

1957

  • Description: “The major occurrence lies in the Burlington Peninsula between Notre Dame Bay and White Bay in the northeasterly part of the island” (Advocate Mines Limited), p. 1816
  • Exploration: “At present 12 diamond drilling rigs are operating in a program which company geologists feel will expand reserves to 50,000,000 tons by June 1957” (Advocate Mines Limited), p. 1816
  • Exploration: “Two 600-pound bulk samples gave a 14.9-percent fiber recovery ... and 10.63-percent recovery” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), as reported by Northern Miner, p. 810
  • Fiber: “a semiharsh, free-filtering type of chrysotile” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), p. 810
  • Reserves: “an asbestos reserve of about 13 million tons” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), as reported by Northern Miner, p. 810

1958

  • Exploration: “seeking finances to bring its Newfoundland deposit at Baie Verte into production ... $10 million would be required to place the property in production at 2,000-ton daily rate” (Advocate Asbestos), p. 818
  • Reserves: “Advocate has outlined some 29 million tons of ore grading $8.17 a ton” (Advocate Asbestos), p. 818
  • Exploration: “Advocate Mines Ltd., operating in the Baie Verte area, has now reached the development stage and milling tests already give promise of good economic prospects” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), p. 1038
  • Fiber: “the chrysotile deposit” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), p. 91
  • Reserves: “set at 23 million tons of asbestos rock, valued at $10 a ton” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), as reported by Northern Miner (Toronto), p. 91
  • Ownership: “Advocate Mines, Ltd., of Quebec, Johns-Manville, Patino, Ltd., of Canada, and two European firms signed an agreement to develop” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), as reported by Northern Miner (Toronto), p. 91
  • Ownership: “operates under a 1958 financing agreement between Canadian Johns-Manville Co. Ltd. (Mine Manager), Amet Corporation, Inc., and Compagnie Financiere Eternit S.A.” (Canadian Johns-Manville Co. Ltd.; Amet Corporation, Inc.; Compagnie Financiere Eternit S.A.), p. 302
  • Ownership: “Canadian Johns-Manville Company, Ltd., and a group of investors joined in September with Advocate Mines Limited, of Toronto, to develop an asbestos ore body in northern Newfoundland” (Canadian Johns-Manville Company, Ltd.; Advocate Mines Limited), said by Johns-Manville Corporation, as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 103

1959

  • Opened: “We estimate that it will take about 3 1/2 years before the ore body and mill will be ready for commercial production” (Canadian Johns-Manville Company, Ltd.), said by Johns-Manville Corporation, as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 103
  • Exploration: “Feed for the test mill was provided by underground exploration and development work” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), p. 65
  • Buyers: “shipped to plants in the United States and Europe for further testing” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), p. 65
  • Mill: “A test mill ... produced more than 200 tons of fiber” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), p. 65

1960

  • Ownership: “A four-company team comprised of Canadian Johns-Manville Company, Patino of Canada, Amet Corporation and Financiere Belge de l'Asbeste-Ciment S.A. has made an agreement with Advocate's President to take over financing and operations” (Canadian Johns-Manville Company; Patino of Canada; Amet Corporation; Financiere Belge de l'Asbeste-Ciment S.A.), p. 104
  • Exploration: “Baie Verte Asbestos Mines—A great deal of development work has already been done by Advocate Mines Limited, which holds the concession from the Newfoundland Government” (Advocate Mines Limited), p. 84
  • Fiber: “grade 4 chrysotile, of good quality” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), as reported by Skillings' Mining Review, p. 711
  • Exploration: “Development of the Baie Verte property of Advocate Mines, Ltd., Northern Newfoundland, was planned” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), as reported by Skillings' Mining Review, p. 711
  • Description: “occupying a tabular zone in serpentine under a surface capping of pyroxene-rich peridotite”, as reported by Economic Geology, p. 1111
  • Ownership: “Associated in the development with Canadian Johns-Manville are Patino of Canada, Amet Corporation Incorporated, and Financiere Belge de L'Asbest-Ciment S.A.” (Canadian Johns-Manville; Patino of Canada; Amet Corporation Incorporated; Financiere Belge de L'Asbest-Ciment S.A.), as reported by Canadian Mining Journal, p. 186
  • Opened: “to prepare the Newfoundland deposit of Advocate Mines Limited for production in 1963” (Canadian Johns-Manville Company Limited), as reported by Canadian Mining Journal, p. 186

1961

  • Mill: “The proposed milling rate ... was increased from 3,000 to 5,000 tons of ore per day” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), p. 87
  • Reserves: “Ore reserve estimates rose to 40 million tons” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), p. 87

1962

  • Exploration: “stripping of waste continued in preparation for production to start in mid-1963” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), p. 78
  • Worked: “The company managed development operations at the Advocate Mines, Ltd. property” (Canadian Johns-Manville Co., Ltd.), p. 78
  • Output: “Output was expected to exceed 40,000 tons of fiber annually, mainly group 4” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), p. 78

1963

  • Opened: “$20 million asbestos project scheduled for production in 1963” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), as reported by Canadian Mining Journal (Quebec), p. 97
  • Output: “At this rate Advocate expects to produce 60,000 tons per year of asbestos fiber” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), as reported by Engineering and Mining Journal, p. 89
  • Mill: “Recovery of fiber as low as Group 6 is seen, with "short" Group 7 fiber discarded as waste” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), as reported by Engineering and Mining Journal, p. 89
  • Opened: “Canada's newest asbestos producer” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), as reported by Engineering and Mining Journal, p. 89
  • Ownership: “financed by Johns-Manville (49.62 percent), The Patino Mining Corp. of Canada (17.3 percent), and Amvet Corp. and Financière Belge De L'Abeste-Ciment (16.54 percent each)” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), as reported by Engineering and Mining Journal, p. 89
  • Mill: “reached capacity of 5,000 tons per day of asbestos ore” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), as reported by Engineering and Mining Journal, p. 89
  • Description: “Advocate's concession covers about 750 square miles” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), as reported by Engineering and Mining Journal, p. 89
  • Reserves: “Proven ore reserves total about 41.3 million tons, averaging 3.5 percent Group 4 fiber” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), as reported by Engineering and Mining Journal, p. 89
  • Opened: “The mine began production in 1963” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), as reported by Canadian Min. and Met. Bull., p. 713

1964

  • Description: “The various steps necessary to make a producing mine out of a new discovery, as experienced by Advocate Mines Ltd., at its Baie Verte mine ... were described” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), as reported by Mining in Canada (Winnipeg), p. 639
  • Description: “10 years were required to bring the deposit into production after discovery” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), as reported by Mining in Canada (Winnipeg), p. 639

1965

  • Description: “the first time since operations began that shipments have been made from Baie Verte, Newfoundland, for this time of year” (Advocate Mines Limited), said by Advocate Mines Limited, as reported by The Northern Miner; Asbestos (magazine), p. 1930
  • Output: “Asbestos fibre production totalled 12,882 tons during the first three months of 1965” (Advocate Mines Limited), said by Advocate Mines Limited, as reported by The Northern Miner; Asbestos (magazine), p. 1930
  • Output: “Ore crushed during the period totalled 488,439 tons” (Advocate Mines Limited), said by Advocate Mines Limited, as reported by The Northern Miner; Asbestos (magazine), p. 1930
  • Description: “north end of the Burlington Peninsula, White Bay District, Newfoundland, 3.8 miles from the town of Baie Verte” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), as reported by Canadian Min. and Met. Bull., p. 713
  • Mill: “the new Advocate asbestos mill in Baie Verte, Newfoundland” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), as reported by Canadian Min. Jour., p. 813
  • Output: “A total of 2.1-million tons of ore and 4.48-million tons of waste and overburden were mined” (Advocate Mines Limited), said by Advocate Mines Limited, as reported by The Northern Miner; Asbestos (magazine), p. 1720
  • Output: “The mill handled 2,098,630 tons, producing 60,646 tons of A-25 grade asbestos fibre and 995 tons of A-35” (Advocate Mines Limited), said by Advocate Mines Limited, as reported by The Northern Miner; Asbestos (magazine), p. 1720
  • Mill: “Construction was started on an improved ore concentration system” (Advocate Mines Limited), said by Advocate Mines Limited, as reported by The Northern Miner; Asbestos (magazine), p. 1720

1966

  • Output: “considering raising the production rate ... to 100,000 tons of fibre annually from a current capacity of about 60,000 tons” (Advocate Mines Limited), as reported by The Northern Miner, p. 2331
  • Output: “Ore crushed amounted to 928,168 tons, 32,694 tons of fiber were produced” (Advocate Mines Limited), said by Advocate Mines Limited, as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 2632

1967

  • Output: “The mill operated 303 days and produced 63,664 tons of fiber” (Advocate Mines Limited), said by Advocate Mines Limited, as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 2221
  • Reserves: “ore reserves at December 31 were 67,000,000 tons” (Advocate Mines Limited), said by Advocate Mines Limited, as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 2221

1970

  • Output: “2,320,862 tons of ore, 8,914,495 tons of waste and overburden, and 332,900 tons of road rock were mined” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), said by Advocate Mines Ltd., as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 4922
  • Output: “The mill operated 340 days, resulting in production of 70,835 tons of A-25 fiber” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), said by Advocate Mines Ltd., as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 4922
  • Description: “two 50-ton trucks were added during the year, making a total fleet of 22 trucks” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), said by Advocate Mines Ltd., as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 4922
  • Mill: “In July the installation of Group VI facilities was completed” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), said by Advocate Mines Ltd., as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 4922

1975

  • Exploration: “the property is located about 12 miles from the present mining operation on ground formerly held under a concession agreement that expired the first of this year” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), as reported by Northern Miner, p. 4240
  • Reserves: “Ore reserves are about 50-million short tons” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), p. 3023
  • Output: “annually produces some 80,000 short tons of QAMA Grades 4-6” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), p. 3023
  • Exploration: “may have discovered something that could conceivably develop into a new asbestos orebody” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), p. 3023
  • Exploration: “Diamond drilling was being expedited” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), p. 941
  • Exploration: “the finding of a possible asbestos ore body 12 miles from its Baie Verte operation” (Advocate Mines, Ltd.), p. 941

1976

  • Output: “For the first half of 1976 Advocate Mines Ltd., Baie Verte, Newfoundland, produced 45,266 tons of asbestos” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), p. 3233
  • Output: “For the nine months to September 30, 1976, production reached 66,054 tons, 31% ahead of the same period a year earlier” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), p. 302
  • Ownership: “Canadian Johns-Manville 31; Amet Corp Inc, Panec Inc, Interasbestos Inc 30; Eternit 16 -> Advocate Mines Ltd.” (Canadian Johns-Manville), p. 642
  • Dust and health: “All dust monitoring stations were maintained at acceptable dust levels. The Government's maximum level is presently set at five fibers per cubic centimeter. Most of the Advocate stations are now under two fibers/cc” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), said by Advocate Mines Ltd., as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 3824
  • Output: “Production of asbestos in 1976 at Baie Verte ... a total of 84,446 tons of fiber valued at $31,790,277. This compared with 69,600 tons ... in 1975” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), said by Advocate Mines Ltd., as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 3824
  • Reserves: “At December 31, 1976, ore reserves amounted to 48,672,000 tons” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), said by Advocate Mines Ltd., as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 3824

1977

  • Output: “1.5-million metric tons of ore were crushed (up 1.4%); 58,191 tons of fiber were produced (down 2.9%)” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), said by Advocate Mines Ltd., as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 2734
  • Reserves: “Ore reserves at December 31, 1977, stood at 42.3-million tons” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), p. 2825

1978

  • Idle: “a three-month strike by the firm's hourly paid workers and ... the significant wall failure in the North Pit which occurred in late 1977” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), p. 2825
  • Output: “Advocate shipped 12,512 metric tonnes of asbestos fiber from January to June 1978 compared with 24,798 tonnes during the comparable period a year earlier” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), p. 2825
  • Idle: “work stoppages at Advocate Mines, Carey-Canadian Mines and Cassiar also resulted in the tightening of supply” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), p. 2043

1979

  • Output: “For the nine months ended September 30, 1979, Advocate Mines produced 43,944 metric tonnes of fiber” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), p. 2619
  • Buyers: “All of Advocate's fiber is captive and destined to the markets of its majority shareholders, principally to Europe, the United States and South America” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), as reported by Jones Heward & Co. Ltd., p. 2619
  • Ownership: “Some 77.4% of the shares of Advocate Mines are owned by a group of asbestos companies; Johns-Manville Canada (Mine Manager; 30.60%)” (Johns-Manville Canada; Compagnie Financiere Eternit; Amet Corporation Inc.; Interasbestos Inc.; Panac Inc.), as reported by Jones Heward & Co. Ltd., p. 2619
  • Workforce: “employs about 575 workers and operates an asbestos mine and mill complex in the Baie Verte area” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), as reported by Jones Heward & Co. Ltd., p. 2619
  • Buyers: “sold pursuant to long-term sales contracts with Compagnie Financiere Eternit S.A., Belgium, and Johns-Manville Sales Corporation” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), said by Advocate Mines Ltd., as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 4314
  • Dust and health: “Environmental projects completed in 1979 included the $2.3-million air handling system in the crusher and dryer building” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), said by Advocate Mines Ltd., as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 4414
  • Reserves: “Ore reserves have been recalculated and reduced 10.2-million metric tonnes to 28.9-million tonnes; the Advocate orebodies should be depleted by 1993” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), said by Advocate Mines Ltd., as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 4314
  • Output: “Total A-25 fiber production in 1979 was 48,127 tonnes, with a fiber recovery of 2.28%” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), said by Advocate Mines Ltd., as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 4314
  • Workforce: “At year-end 1979, Advocate's workforce included 527 hourly-paid and 81 salaried employees” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), said by Advocate Mines Ltd., as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 4314

1980

  • Dust and health: “Advocate's $2.2-million changehouse ... and the new dry rock storage dust filtration system became operational in the first half of 1980” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), said by Advocate Mines Ltd., as reported by Asbestos (magazine), p. 4314
  • Output: “Ore crushed during the nine-month period amounted to 1,583,000 tonnes ... and fiber produced reached 52,514 tonnes” (Advocate Mines Ltd.), p. 1835

1981

  • Description: “mainly a problem of cash flow and the economics of an overburden-to-ore ratio of 6 to 1” (Johns Manville Canada, Inc.; Compagnie Financiere Eternit S.A.), p. 812
  • Workforce: “maintaining the more than 500 jobs”, p. 812
  • Ownership: “The principal owners, Johns Manville Canada, Inc., and Compagnie Financiere Eternit S.A. of Belgium” (Johns Manville Canada, Inc.; Compagnie Financiere Eternit S.A.), p. 812
  • Ownership: “Trans Pacific Asbestos, Ltd., showed late-year interest in acquiring Advocate” (Trans Pacific Asbestos, Ltd.), p. 812
  • Idle: “After a temporary closure in August”, p. 812
  • Closed: “scheduled for permanent closure on December 31, 1981”, p. 812

1982

  • Description: “the Federal Government announced that it would extend $14 million in credit guarantees to Transpacific over a 3-year period” (Transpacific Asbestos, Inc.), p. 726
  • Ownership: “The Newfoundland government expropriated the mine and sold it to Transpacific Asbestos, Inc.” (Transpacific Asbestos, Inc.), p. 726
  • Idle: “prevented, at least temporarily, the closing of the Advocate Asbestos Mine at Baie Verte”, p. 726

1988

  • Mill: “a 20,000-ton-per-year wet-processing plant” (Baie Verte Mines Inc.), as reported by Industrial Minerals (London), p. 527
  • Mill: “a grade 5 product in pellet form” (Baie Verte Mines Inc.), as reported by Industrial Minerals (London), p. 527
  • Exploration: “began finalizing a program for expansion of its open pit mine in Newfoundland” (Baie Verte Mines Inc.), as reported by Industrial Minerals (London), p. 527
  • Reserves: “an additional 5 years of minable reserves at current production rates” (Baie Verte Mines Inc.), as reported by Industrial Minerals (London), p. 527

1990

  • Dust and health: “a pelletized open fiber product that was easier to handle, generated less dust during handling” (Baie Verte Mines), as reported by Industrial Minerals, p. 528
  • Mill: “initially will process tailings from its dry mill plant” (Baie Verte Mines), as reported by Industrial Minerals, p. 528
  • Mill: “completed construction and began operation of its wet-process plant” (Baie Verte Mines), as reported by Industrial Minerals, p. 528
  • Mill: “Fiber recovery is expected to approach 95%” (Baie Verte Mines), as reported by Industrial Minerals, p. 528

1995

  • Worked: “operated by Teranov Mining Corp. until 1995” (Teranov Mining Corp.), as reported by North American Minerals News, p. 229

1998

  • Ownership: “the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador was accepting bids on the Baie Verte asbestos mine” (Government of Newfoundland and Labrador), as reported by North American Minerals News, p. 229
  • Reserves: “9.5 Mt of in-ground reserves” (Teranov Mining Corp.), as reported by North American Minerals News, p. 229

In court opinions

Court opinions in our case-law library that name this mine, by how they concern it. A search found every one that names the mine and an AI reader sorted them; the quotation, checked word for word against the text, shows where. Those that name the mine only in passing or in a reference list are left out.

The mine’s fiber in products (1)

  • Quarles v. Advocate Mines Limited (2006): “Advocate Mines Limited (AML), a Canadian mining company that supplied asbestos fibers to Johns-Manville, which manufactured Transite pipe at a California plant between 1963 and 1973.”

In medical studies

Medical studies in our research library that name this mine, by how they concern it. A search found every one that names the mine and an AI reader sorted them; the quotation, checked word for word against the text, shows where. Those that name the mine only in passing or in a reference list are left out.

Studies of the mine’s workers (2)

Other names

Documents call this mine “Advocate Mines deposit”, “Advocate Mines discovery near Baie Verte”, “Baie Verte property of Advocate Mines, Ltd.”, “Baie Verte chrysotile asbestos deposit”, “Baie Verte mine”, “Advocate Mines Ltd. Baie Verte mine”, “Advocate asbestos mill”, “Advocate Mines Ltd.”, “Advocate asbestos mine”, “Advocate Asbestos Mine”, “Baie Verte asbestos mine”, “open pit mine in Newfoundland”, “Advocate Asbestos Mines Ltd.”, “Baie Verte Asbestos Mines”, “Advocate Mines Limited”, “Baie Verte”.

See also

References

  1. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1958 (January 1, 1959), p. 9.
  2. Asbestos Magazine, 1976, December 1976 (December 1, 1976), p. 30.
  3. Asbestos Magazine, 1959, January 1959 (January 1, 1959), p. 10.
  4. Asbestos Magazine, 1960, December 1960 (December 1, 1960), pp. 8, 10.
  5. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1959 (January 1, 1960), p. 6.
  6. Asbestos Magazine, 1961, April 1961 (April 1, 1961), p. 18.
  7. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1961 (January 1, 1962), pp. 8–9.
  8. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1962 (January 1, 1963), p. 7.
  9. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1963 (January 1, 1964), p. 8.
  10. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1957 (January 1, 1958), p. 8.
  11. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1960 (January 1, 1961), pp. 7, 11.
  12. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1981 (January 1, 1982), p. 8.
  13. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1965 (January 1, 1966), pp. 7–8.
  14. Asbestos Magazine, 1980, September 1980 (September 1, 1980), pp. 43–44.
  15. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1955 (January 1, 1956), p. 12.
  16. Asbestos Magazine, 1957, February 1957 (February 1, 1957), p. 18.
  17. Asbestos Magazine, 1956, September 1956 (September 1, 1956), p. 58.
  18. Asbestos Magazine, 1958, April 1958 (April 1, 1958), p. 8.
  19. Asbestos Magazine, 1979, December 1979 (December 1, 1979), p. 26.
  20. Asbestos Magazine, 1966, April 1966 (April 1, 1966), p. 17.
  21. Asbestos Magazine, 1968, May 1968 (May 1, 1968), p. 22.
  22. Asbestos Magazine, 1971, September 1971 (September 1, 1971), p. 49.
  23. Asbestos Magazine, 1975, December 1975 (December 1, 1975), p. 30.
  24. Asbestos Magazine, 1977, May 1977 (May 1, 1977), p. 38.
  25. Asbestos Magazine, 1978, December 1978 (December 1, 1978), p. 28.
  26. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1982 (January 1, 1983), p. 7.
  27. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1988 (January 1, 1989), p. 5.
  28. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1990 (January 1, 1991), p. 5.
  29. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1998 (January 1, 1999), p. 2.
  30. Asbestos Magazine, 1965, June 1965 (June 1, 1965), p. 19.
  31. Asbestos Magazine, 1966, February 1966 (February 1, 1966), p. 23.
  32. Asbestos Magazine, 1966, September 1966 (September 1, 1966), p. 26.
  33. Asbestos Magazine, 1976, October 1976 (October 1, 1976), p. 32.
  34. Asbestos Magazine, 1977, December 1977 (December 1, 1977), p. 27.
  35. Asbestos Magazine, 1981, January 1981 (January 1, 1981), p. 18.
  36. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1956 (January 1, 1957), p. 11.
  37. Asbestos Magazine, 1957, April 1957 (April 1, 1957), p. 16.
  38. Asbestos Magazine, 1958, October 1958 (October 1, 1958), p. 10.
  39. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1964 (January 1, 1965), p. 6.
  40. Asbestos Magazine, 1975, August 1975 (August 1, 1975), p. 42.
  41. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1975 (January 1, 1976), p. 9.
  42. Minerals Yearbook: Asbestos Chapters, 1976 (January 1, 1977), p. 6.
  43. Asbestos Magazine, 1979, April 1979 (April 1, 1979), p. 20.

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