Investigation of applying chitosan coating on antibacterial and biocompatibility properties of bredigite/titanium dioxide composite scaffolds

Our plain-English summary of Investigation of applying chitosan coating on antibacterial and biocompatibility properties of bredigite/titanium dioxide composite scaffolds, by S. Ghasemi, H. Ghomi (Journal of Biomaterials Applications, 2021).

The study

• Authors: S. Ghasemi, H. Ghomi
• Journal: Journal of Biomaterials Applications
• Published: 2021;36(3):406-418
• Cited by: 3 articles, as counted by NIH iCite
• Read it: PubMed · Publisher

Abstract

In this study by considering the advantages of bredigite (Br) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) bioceramics, composite scaffolds of bredigite/titanium dioxide were prepared by the gelcasting method, then, to improve the mechanical, biological and antibacterial properties, scaffolds were coated with chitosan (Ch) polymer phase. The phase structure, fundamental groups, chemical composition, and elemental distribution analysis, morphology and the form of porosity were respectively characterized by XRD, FTIR, EDS, and SEM. Mechanical properties and porosity percentage of scaffolds were also measured by the compressive strength test and Archimedean method, respectively. In order to verify the cell compatibility, MG63 bone marrow cells were cultured on the surface of the specimens. The results showed that the addition of titanium dioxide to the scaffold of bredigite resulted in decrease of porosity and increase of compressive strength of scaffolds from 0.299 to 0.687 MPa. Furthermore, the coated scaffold with chitosan polymer reduced porosity from 83 to 63 percent and a remarkable improvement in compressive strength from 0.585 to 2.339 MPa. The results of the antibacterial test showed that in composite scaffolds, The diameter of the inhibition zone is 22 and 29 mm, in the culture media of Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), respectively. On the other hand, the results of cell compatibility and cell adhesion tests showed that the scaffolds had no toxicity and the growth, proliferation, and adhesion of MG63 bone cells adjacent to the scaffolds was desirable. Therefore, the scaffold in this study can be used as an ideal scaffold for use in bone tissue engineering.

In plain English

This laboratory study is not about asbestos. The authors made porous scaffolds intended for bone repair from bredigite, a calcium magnesium silicate ceramic. The bredigite was used alone or mixed with 15 percent by weight titanium dioxide, and some scaffolds were coated with chitosan, a natural polymer. The authors tested porosity, compressive strength, effect on two bacteria, and growth of MG63 bone cells over 5 days. Plain bredigite scaffolds had 87% porosity and 0.299 MPa strength. Adding titanium dioxide gave 72% and 0.687 MPa. Chitosan-coated bredigite had 83% and 0.585 MPa. The coated bredigite/titanium dioxide scaffold had 63% and 2.339 MPa, the highest strength. Plain bredigite produced no bacteria-free zone. The coated bredigite scaffold produced zones of about 18 mm (Escherichia coli) and 26 mm (Staphylococcus aureus), and the coated composite produced zones of 22 and 29 mm. In the cell test, no sample harmed cell growth. More cells grew on the coated composite than on coated bredigite. The authors concluded these scaffolds can be used for bone tissue engineering and bone loss repair.

We wrote this plain-English summary from the full article with the help of AI, and a second AI model checked each sentence against the article. It is not the authors' wording; the abstract and the article are their own account.

What the study did and found

• Design: Laboratory materials study with in vitro antibacterial and cell culture tests (no human or animal subjects)
• Who was studied: Laboratory-made scaffolds (bredigite, bredigite with chitosan coating, bredigite with 15% titanium dioxide, and bredigite/15% titanium dioxide with chitosan coating); MG63 osteoblast cells cultured on three scaffold types for 5 days; Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Work done at Islamic Azad University Najafabad, Iran.
• Exposure: No asbestos exposure. The materials studied were bredigite powder with or without 15 wt% titanium dioxide, made into scaffolds by gelcasting, with some scaffolds coated in chitosan solution.
• Main results:
  • Uncoated scaffolds: adding titanium dioxide to bredigite lowered porosity from 87% to 72% and raised compressive strength from 0.299 to 0.687 MPa.
  • Chitosan-coated bredigite scaffold (Br-Ch): porosity 83% (S.D. 0.2), compressive strength 0.585 MPa (S.D. 0.21).
  • Chitosan-coated bredigite/15% titanium dioxide scaffold: highest compressive strength, 2.339 MPa (porosity 63%).
  • Plain bredigite scaffolds produced no inhibition zone against either bacterium.
  • Chitosan-coated bredigite scaffold: inhibition zones about 18 mm (Escherichia coli) and 26 mm (Staphylococcus aureus).
  • Chitosan-coated bredigite/15% titanium dioxide scaffold: inhibition zones 22 mm (Escherichia coli) and 29 mm (Staphylococcus aureus).
  • In the MTT cell test, none of the samples had a negative effect on MG63 cell growth.
  • More cells grew on the coated bredigite/titanium dioxide scaffold than on the coated bredigite scaffold. Cell growth on the plain bredigite scaffold was lower than on the control sample.
• The authors' conclusion: The authors concluded that, because of high interconnected porosity, good mechanical and antibacterial properties and cell compatibility, the scaffolds can be used as an ideal scaffold for bone tissue engineering and bone loss repair.

Topics

The National Library of Medicine indexes this study under subjects our site covers: Tremolite.

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