Carey v. JP Bushnell Packing Supply Company (2011)

Our plain-English summary of Carey v. JP Bushnell Packing Supply Company (U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Missouri, December 21, 2011).

John Forrest Carey and his wife Marjorie sued J.P. Bushnell Packing Supply Company, Mine Safety Appliances Company (MSA), Oakfabco and Union Carbide in St. Louis city court over asbestos exposure. Mr. Carey has mesothelioma. They had dismissed an earlier suit on the day of trial and then refiled. MSA removed the new case to federal court, arguing that the Careys had fraudulently joined J.P. Bushnell, a Missouri defendant, to defeat diversity jurisdiction. The Careys asked for remand. Mr. Carey and a co-worker testified that at Eagle Picher, screw cases were sealed with an asbestos rope or string that gave off dust. Neither could name the maker, but the Careys said it matched products J.P. Bushnell distributed. MSA offered an affidavit saying Bushnell never sold to Eagle Picher. The court found that this showed only that Bushnell did not sell directly, and that it left open whether Bushnell's products reached Eagle Picher through another maker. This created at most a factual dispute for the state court. The court held the Careys had a colorable claim, found MSA had not met its burden, and remanded the case to state court.

We wrote this summary from the court's opinion with the help of AI. It is not the court's wording, and it is not legal advice. The full opinion is below.

The decision

• Court: U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Missouri
• Decided: December 21, 2011
• Docket: No. 4:11-CV-2050-JAR
• Stage: Jurisdiction, venue or removal
• State: Missouri

Outcome. The court granted the Careys' motion to remand to the Circuit Court of the City of St. Louis, finding MSA had not shown that J.P. Bushnell was fraudulently joined.

What the court held. Joinder of a non-diverse defendant is not fraudulent if state law might impose liability on it under the facts alleged, and a defendant who only creates a factual dispute does not meet its heavy burden, with doubts resolved in favor of remand.

Issues decided: Product Identification, Venue, Removal and Transfer.

The people and their exposure

• John Forrest Carey: mesothelioma

The defendants

• J.P. Bushnell Packing Supply Company, Inc. (supplier)
• Mine Safety Appliances Company (manufacturer)
• Oakfabco, Inc. (manufacturer)
• Union Carbide Corporation (manufacturer)

The court's opinion

The text below is Google Scholar's copy of the court's opinion, a public record. Numbers in brackets, such as [*921], mark where each page of the printed reporter begins.

JOHN FORREST CAREY and MARJORIE L. CAREY, Plaintiff,

v.

JP BUSHNELL PACKING SUPPLY COMPANY, etal., Defendants.

No. 4:11-CV-2050-JAR.

December 21, 2011.

United States District Court, E.D. Missouri, Eastern Division.

MEMORANDUM AND ORDER

JOHN A. ROSS, District Judge.

This matter is before the Court on Plaintiffs' Motion for Remand Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1447 [ECF No. 5]. The matter has been fully briefed and oral argument was held on December 21, 2011. For the reasons set forth below, the Motion will be granted.

Background

On September 8, 2010, Plaintiffs filed suit against J.P. Bushnell Packing Supply Company, Inc. ("J.P. Bushnell") and Mine Safety Appliances Company ("MSA"), among others, for asbestos exposure in the Circuit Court of the City of St. Louis (Doc. # 9-1) ("the original lawsuit"). Plaintiffs voluntarily dismissed their lawsuit without prejudice on the day of trial, September 12, 2011 (Doc. # 9-15). Following dismissal, Plaintiffs re-filed their lawsuit against J.P. Bushnell and MSA, as well as against Oakfabco, Inc., and Union Carbide Corporation in the Circuit Court of the City of St. Louis on October 12, 2011 (Doc. # 3) ("the instant action"). Plaintiffs' claims against J.P. Bushnell and the other defendants herein are for negligence, strict liability, and willful and wanton conduct.

MSA removed the instant action to this Court on November 23, 2011 based on diversity jurisdiction, alleging Plaintiffs fraudulently joined J.P. Bushnell (Doc. #1). In its Notice of Removal, MSA contends joinder of J.P. Bushnell is fraudulent because there is no reasonable basis in fact or law supporting Plaintiffs' claims against J.P. Bushnell, and because Plaintiffs have no real intention of prosecuting their action against J.P. Bushnell, citing Reeb v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 902 F.Supp. 185, 187 (E.D. Mo. 1995). On November 30, 2011, Plaintiffs filed their Motion to Remand requesting the Court remand the instant case to state court (Doc. # 5).

Legal Standard

In Filla v. Norfolk Southern Railway Co., 336 F.3d 806 (8th Cir. 2003), the Eighth Circuit detailed the fraudulent joinder standard as follows. "It is well established that if it is clear under governing state law that the complaint does not state a cause of action against the non-diverse defendant, the joinder is fraudulent and federal jurisdiction of the case should be retained." Id. at 810 (citing Iowa Public Service Co. v. Medicine Bow Coal Co., 556 F.2d 400, 406 (8th Cir.1977)). "However, if there is a `colorable' cause of action-that is, if the state law might impose liability on the resident defendant under the facts alleged-then there is no fraudulent joinder." Id. "Joinder is fraudulent where there exists no reasonable basis in fact and law supporting a case against the resident [defendant]." Id. See Wilkinson v. Shackelford, 478 F.3d 957, 964 (8th Cir. 2007) (emphasizing that the fraudulent joinder inquiry does not focus on the "artfulness of the pleadings" but on the ability of the plaintiff to state a colorable claim). "The Filla definition of fraudulent joinder does not include consideration of the plaintiff's intention to follow through with claims against the resident defendant." Johnson v. Travelers Ca. and Marine Ins. Co., 2011 WL 2899153, [*1] (E.D. Mo., July 20, 2011).

The party seeking removal and opposing remand has the burden of establishing federal subject matter jurisdiction. In re Bus. Men's Assurance Co. of Am., 992 F.2d 181, 183 (8th Cir.1993). A district court is required to resolve doubts concerning federal jurisdiction in favor of remand. Transit Cas. Co. v. Certain Underwriters at Lloyd's of London, 119 F.3d 619, 625 (8th

Cir.1997). In deciding this issue, the Court may consider the pleadings and supporting affidavits. Parnas v. General Motors Corp., 879 F.Supp. 91, 92 (E.D.Mo.1995).

Discussion

Plaintiffs allege Plaintiff John Carey contracted mesothelioma as a result of exposure to asbestos-containing products manufactured, sold and distributed by defendants. MSA argues Plaintiffs have provided no factual support for their allegations against J.P. Bushnell despite having had the opportunity to fully develop their evidence as to J.P. Bushnell in the original lawsuit; however, neither MSA nor J.P. Bushnell advanced a motion to dismiss or motion for summary judgment in the original lawsuit, and J.P. Bushnell remained a party defendant in the original lawsuit up to and including the day of trial. The Court finds Plaintiffs have stated a colorable claim against J.P. Bushnell under Missouri law. In his deposition, Plaintiff testified he worked with or around "screw cases" at Eagle Picher that contained an asbestos "rope" used to seal them. (Doc. # 9-2, p. 129:17-25; 130:1-25; 131:1-25; 132:1-20). Plaintiff's co-worker, Clifford Funk, also testified on deposition about the asbestos "string" around the "screw casings" at Eagle Picher, which "string" gave off "[q]uite a bit" of dust when handled. (Doc. # 9-5, p. 96:8-25; 97:1-25). Although Plaintiff and Funk were unable to identify the manufacturer of the "rope" or "string" by name, Plaintiffs contend the product is similar and consistent with the type of product distributed by J.P. Bushnell, relying on Bushnell's Answers to Interrogatories (Doc. # 10-4), and Index of Mechanical Packings (Doc. # 10-5). MSA provides an affidavit from a J.P. Bushnell representative, Dennis Sullivan, President and Chief Executive Officer, stating that J.P. Bushnell never sold or distributed products or materials to Eagle Picher (Doc. # 9-16). The affidavit does no more than establish that J.P. Bushnell did not directly sell or distribute products to Eagle Picher. The Court cannot discern from the affidavit whether J.P. Bushnell's products could have found their way to Eagle Picher after being incorporated into another manufacturer's product. At most, MSA has created a factual dispute on Plaintiffs' claims against J.P. Bushnell, which is for the state court to decide on remand. Gardner v. J.C. Penney Corp., Inc., 2005 WL 6267692 at [*2] (E.D.Mo., May 2, 2005) (citing Wells' Dairy, Inc. v. American Indus. Refrigeration, Inc., 157 F.Supp.2d 1018, 1029-1030 (N.D.Iowa 2001) (defendant "has done no more than generate a factual dispute on the elements of [plaintiffs] claim ... [which] does not satisfy [defendant's] heavy burden of proving fraudulent joinder, especially where all doubts should be resolved in favor of remand.") and In re Baycol Products Litigation, 2003 WL 22023391, [*3] (D.Minn.2003) (remand proper when defendant's affidavit failed to establish that there was no cause of action that plaintiff could maintain against non-diverse defendant)). In sum, Plaintiffs have made a colorable claim against J.P. Bushnell. MSA has not met its burden to show that joinder was fraudulent. Therefore, Plaintiffs' Motion to Remand must be granted.

Accordingly,

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED the Plaintiffs' Motion to Remand [ECF No. 5] is hereby GRANTED, and this case is remanded to the Circuit Court of the City of St. Louis, State of Missouri. An appropriate Order of Remand will accompany this Order.

Sources

• The opinion on Google Scholar
• Missouri asbestos laws
• Missouri asbestos exposure sites