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National Gypsum Co.

National Gypsum Company of Buffalo, New York, sold wallboard, plaster and other building materials under the Gold Bond name. From 1953 it made asbestos-cement siding, roofing and sheets, from 1958 to 1973 it mined its own asbestos in Quebec, and into the 1970s its joint compounds contained asbestos. It filed for bankruptcy in 1990, the old company became Asbestos Claims Management Corporation, and since 2003 the NGC Bodily Injury Trust has paid its asbestos claims.

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History

According to the 1986 Sourcebook on Asbestos Diseases, a compilation by plaintiffs' attorneys, National Gypsum was incorporated in Delaware on August 29, 1925, and acquired gypsum deposits near Buffalo, New York, in 1926 and in Iosco County, Michigan, in 1927.31 The book says its acquisitions included the General Insulating and Manufacturing Co. of Alexandria, Indiana, in 1941, and 25 percent of the outstanding shares of the H. H. Robertson Company, which it resold on January 25, 1978.3132

In January 1953 Asbestos, the industry's trade journal, reported that National Gypsum had completed the purchase of Asbestone Corporation, "including plants, working capital, and goodwill," with plants at New Orleans and St. Louis.1 The journal said the company had started "27 years ago with one product" and now made more than 150 building products, and that the deal was understood to have cost about $5,000,000 in National Gypsum stock.1 The journal said the deal added Asbestone's lines in "asbestos-cement siding, roofing shingles, corrugated and flat boards," and Chairman Melvin H. Baker said it began "a program for rounding out a whole new line" in the Gold Bond family that would let the company "go after the outside wall."1

The New Orleans plant went back to 1923, when R. J. Dorn & Co. began making asbestos corrugated sheathing there; it took the Asbestone name in 1946.8 Asbestone built the St. Louis plant between 1950 and 1953.9 A third asbestos-cement plant, at Millington, New Jersey, had been built in the 1920s by Asbestos Ltd., sold to Smith Asbestos Company in 1947 and "taken over by National in 1953."10 Gold Bond asbestos-cement products were not new to the company: the trademark file for its Gold Bond asbestos cement boards gives first use in commerce in July 1936.11

Asbestos products

An August 1953 advertisement in Asbestos offered Gold Bond Asbestone roofing and siding shingles and corrugated and flat sheets from Asbestone Corporation, "A Subsidiary of National Gypsum Company."2 A September 1954 advertisement listed Chroma-Tex siding shingles, Pliaboard, Permaboard and corrugated roofing and siding.12 In July 1971 the journal described National Gypsum, with three plants, as the largest U.S. producer of asbestos-cement siding, flat sheets, panels and corrugated panels.13

The company also made joint compound, the paste used to finish drywall seams. A 1960 advertisement for its asbestos fibre said Gold Bond asbestos "floats" gave joint cements a smooth finish, adding that they "work wonders in Gold Bond joint cement."4 The trademark file for Gold Bond Quik-Treat joint compound gives first use in commerce on December 3, 1962.14

Mining asbestos in Quebec

The U.S. Bureau of Mines reported that National Gypsum financed the Dominion Asbestos mill at Saint-Adrien, Quebec, for a time under an option, and that in 1956 the Dominion holdings were surrendered to National Gypsum, which held a mortgage on them.15 Asbestos reported in 1957 that the company had decided "to enter the asbestos production field" through a new subsidiary, National Asbestos Mines Limited, near Thetford Mines.3 Its review of 1957 said National Gypsum was "rushing completion" of the Thetford plant.16 The mill began production on July 1, 1958, and the Bureau of Mines reported that much of its output went to National Gypsum's own plants at St. Louis, New Orleans and Millington.3 A 1967 advertisement put it plainly: "So we mine the asbestos, mill it to strict specifications, then sell it to ourselves."17 Lake Asbestos of Quebec bought the assets of National Asbestos Mines on October 1, 1973.3 The 1986 Sourcebook on Asbestos Diseases instead says National Gypsum's mining ended in September 1973, when it sold the operating assets of National Asbestos Mines Ltd.31

What the documents show

The 1968 safety booklet. In April 1968 Johns-Manville's Clifford L. Sheckler asked the asbestos building-products makers on an industry health council to approve a booklet, "Recommended Health Safety Practices," for people handling asbestos-cement products.18 National Gypsum's director of safety, Frank H. Zimmerman, wrote in a memo to L. B. Crowell that he had objected to being asked for agreement at the council's first meeting.18 On April 17 he told Sheckler that National Gypsum "strongly oppose[d] the publication and distribution of the booklet."19 He gave three reasons: no risk to the public had been shown, the booklet pointed to dangers in handling asbestos-cement sheets "when there is no scientific evidence of such dangers," and it "creates fear in the minds of buyers, users, and workers without justification."19 He added that the position had "the full concurrence of the top executives of our company, including the Chief Executive Officer," and that the company was cooperating with the U.S. Public Health Service's study of asbestos in processing plants.19 Sheckler replied that Certain-Teed, General Aniline and Film and Johns-Manville had tentatively approved the draft and that unanimous agreement was "especially desirable in view of the continuous adverse publicity and attacks on various materials."20 The draft booklet, which survives with a later letter, told contractors to keep dust to a minimum and to wear approved respirators where dust could not be controlled.21

A health study. Minutes of a Johns-Manville policy committee in August 1969 record, under Dr. George W. Wright's report, that "National Gypsum has expressed a reluctance to the general public portion of the New Orleans health study," while an in-plant study was planned to begin that year.22 National Gypsum was also among the sponsors listed on an Asbestos Information Association/North America leaflet on asbestos and health.23

Joint compound. In September 1971 National Gypsum's Building Products Division wrote to the president of Georgia-Pacific that "Our tests indicate that sanding of joint treatment products and particularly the spraying of wall finishes" offered substantial potential hazards, and suggested he check into it.24 A Union Carbide salesman's July 1974 report of a call at National Gypsum's Westwego, Louisiana, plant, a regular carload buyer of Calidria asbestos grade SG-210, says National had removed asbestos from its textured ceiling and wall sprays and its dry-mix joint cements but still used asbestos in its ready-mix mud.5 The plant manager is reported as saying the asbestos-free ready-mix formula was being kept in reserve "should the legal and health problems with asbestos become too much for them to live with."5 Union Carbide's figures for 1975 show 624 tons of SG-210 bought by four National Gypsum plants.25 A March 1977 call report states that National Gypsum had made the transition "from asbestos-containing to asbestos-free tape joint cement."26

Closing the asbestos-cement plants. National Gypsum closed the Millington plant in June 1975; Asbestos gave lack of profitability as the main reason and the cost of meeting environmental requirements as another.1027 In November 1978 the company advertised its New Orleans asbestos-cement plant for sale at $6,000,000, calling it a "very profitable operation" that was "in compliance."28 In January 1979 the journal, now giving the company's address as Dallas, Texas, reported that the plant was still available.29

Bankruptcy and trust

Our trust page reports that National Gypsum filed for Chapter 11 in 1990 after tens of thousands of asbestos suits.6 A federal court's 2012 opinion gives the same history: in 1993 the company was restructured and the old corporation renamed Asbestos Claim Management Corporation (our trust page spells it Asbestos Claims Management Corporation); that company filed again in 2002, and the plan creating the NGC Bodily Injury Trust was confirmed on August 6, 2003.7 The renamed company and its insurers litigated their coverage disputes in cases such as Stonewall Ins. Co. v. Asbestos Claims Management (1995).30 The reorganized operating business kept the National Gypsum name and Gold Bond brand and is protected from asbestos claims, which go to the trust.6

References

  1. Asbestos, January 1953, p. 48: "National Gypsum Company Acquires Asbestone Corporation"
  2. Asbestos, August 1953, p. 13: Gold Bond Asbestone advertisement
  3. National Asbestos Mines, Thetford Mines, Quebec
  4. Asbestos, May 1960, p. 41: Gold Bond asbestos floats advertisement
  5. Union Carbide 380: J. E. Walsh Report of Call on National Gypsum, Westwego, La. (July 1974)
  6. National Gypsum (NGC) Asbestos Trust Claims
  7. Garner v. NGC Bodily Injury Trust (W.D.N.Y. 2012)
  8. R. J. Dorn & Co. and later owners plant at New Orleans, Louisiana
  9. Asbestone Corporation / National Gypsum Company plant at St. Louis, Missouri
  10. Asbestos, August 1975, p. 12: "Plant Closings"
  11. Asbestos cement boards (National Gypsum): label and trademark file
  12. Asbestos, September 1954, p. 13: Gold Bond asbestos-cement products advertisement
  13. Asbestos, July 1971, p. 12: cover story on National Gypsum's Thetford operation
  14. Quik-Treat (National Gypsum): bag and trademark file
  15. Dominion Asbestos Co., near St. Adrien, Quebec
  16. Asbestos, December 1957, p. 6: "A Review of 1957"
  17. Asbestos, June 1967, p. 21: "It's Gold Bond" advertisement
  18. F. H. Zimmerman to L. B. Crowell on J-M's Health Safety Booklet (April 4, 1968)
  19. Frank H. Zimmerman of National Gypsum to C. L. Sheckler Opposing the Asbestos-Cement Health Safety Booklet (April 17, 1968)
  20. C. L. Sheckler to Frank H. Zimmerman on Agreement over the Asbestos-Cement Health Safety Booklet (May 8, 1968)
  21. C. L. Sheckler to F. H. Zimmerman on a Joint Meeting, with the Asbestos-Cement Health Safety Booklet (May 16, 1968)
  22. Johns-Manville Environmental Health Task Force Policy Committee Minutes, August 18, 1969, p. 3
  23. AIA-22: Asbestos and Health: Questions & Answers, Asbestos Information Association/North America, p. 2
  24. UC-5473: National Gypsum Company (Building Products Division) to W. H. Hunt, Georgia-Pacific (September 24, 1971)
  25. Union Carbide 365: Gordon L. Dickson to Craig Ellsworth (Gold Bond Building Products) on 1975 Calidria SG-210 Purchases (January 9, 1976)
  26. Union Carbide 394: W. D. Massey Report of Call to National Gypsum, Buffalo (March 7, 1977)
  27. Asbestos Ltd. and later owners plant at Millington, New Jersey
  28. Asbestos, November 1978, p. 11: "For Sale: Asbestos-Cement Plant, New Orleans"
  29. Asbestos, January 1979, p. 40
  30. Stonewall Ins. Co. v. Asbestos Claims Management (2d Cir. 1995)
  31. Barbara J. Peters and George A. Peters, Sourcebook on Asbestos Diseases: Medical, Legal, and Engineering Aspects, vol. 2 (New York: Garland Law Publishing, 1986), p. 169.
  32. Barbara J. Peters and George A. Peters, Sourcebook on Asbestos Diseases: Medical, Legal, and Engineering Aspects, vol. 2 (New York: Garland Law Publishing, 1986), p. 170.

People

People the documents tie to National Gypsum Co., most often named first, with the titles the documents give them.

Asbestos trust

If you or a family member worked with or around National Gypsum Co.'s asbestos products and later developed mesothelioma or another asbestos disease, a claim may be paid by National Gypsum (NGC) Asbestos Trust Claims. Free case review.

Asbestos products

28 products our documents name National Gypsum Co. as making or selling. Each product's page says what the documents say about it, including its asbestos content.

Plants

Plants where asbestos products were made that the documents say National Gypsum Co. ran.

Mines

Asbestos mines the documents name National Gypsum Co. as running or owning.

Court cases

29 court decisions in our case-law library name National Gypsum Co. as a defendant, newest first.

In our library

17 documents in our library name National Gypsum Co., by collection.

Motley 1000 (3)

Other library documents (14)

In the Union Carbide documents

National Gypsum Co. is named in 69 Union Carbide documents dated 1966 to 2003 (1 as the source, 69 mentioned), from asbestos lawsuits over Union Carbide's Calidria asbestos. 68 of them are published in our collection.

Names in the documents

The spellings documents use for National Gypsum Co., OCR misreadings included, so a search for any of them finds this page: National Gypsum Company · National Gypsum · National Gypsum Co · National · National Gypsum Company (Gold Bond Building Products) · National Gypsum Company, Building Products Division.

Where this comes from

This page brings together every document in our library that names National Gypsum Co., across collections. Titles and affiliations are taken from the documents themselves, and units and subsidiaries are grouped under the company they belong to.

Mentioned on this site

Cite this page

“National Gypsum Co.” AsbestosClaims.Law Library. https://asbestosclaims.law/library/organizations/national-gypsum-company.

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