American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal

Our medical research library holds 22 studies published in American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal (1964–1989). Each entry links to the study's record on PubMed and, where there is one, to the publisher's page and a free full text. 9 have an abstract, the authors' own summary as PubMed records it: open "Abstract" to read it. For 3 studies PubMed has no abstract for, we give the abstract printed in the article or, where there is none, a summary we wrote from it, each labeled as such.

About the journal

• Publisher: American Industrial Hygiene Association
• Published: 1958–1999, United States
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0002-8894 (print)
• Continues: American Industrial Hygiene Association Quarterly
• Continued by: AIHAJ
• Its record in the NLM Catalog

1980s

• Physiological and subjective responses to working in disposable protective coveralls and respirators commonly used by the asbestos abatement industry. M.K. White, T.K. Hodous, J.B. Hudnall. 1989;50(6):313-9. PubMed · Publisher

  Abstract

  The physiological and subjective effects of working with different respirators while wearing lightweight disposable (Tyvek 1412 polyolefin) coveralls commonly used by the asbestos abatement industry were studied. Nine healthy men (mean age = 27.3 yr, weight = 76.9 kg) each performed a series of four exercise tests with four different respirator ensembles in counterbalanced order. Treadmill work was performed at a set walking speed of 4 kph (2.5 mph), 0 percent elevation (220 kcal/hr), a controlled environmental temperature of 33.9 degrees C, and 50% relative humidity. Each test continued up to 120 min, with repeated work/rest intervals of 26 min of work and 4 min of rest. Tyvek disposable coveralls and hoods were worn with each of these four different respirator ensembles: (1) control--a lightweight, low resistance mask; (2) HEPA--an air purifying, full facepiece respirator with dual high efficiency filters; (3) SAR--a supplied-air, pressure-demand respirator with escape filter; (4) SCBA--an open circuit, pressure-demand, self-contained breathing apparatus. Physiological measurements obtained every minute during each test included heart rate and skin and rectal temperatures. Subjective evaluations of clothing, respirator, and facepiece comfort, ease of breathing, temperature and perspiration in the mask and clothing, and respirator load also were measured at the end of the test. Data were analyzed using an analysis of variance. Results indicated that heart rate at the end of the test differed by less than 8 BPM between the control condition and the SCBA (heaviest) condition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

• Surface characteristics of asbestos fibers released from asbestos- cement products. J.A. Helsen, P. van de Velde, A. Kuczumow, et al. 1989;50(12):655-63. PubMed · Publisher

• Exposure to asbestos during brake maintenance of automotive vehicles by different methods. T. Kauppinen, K. Korhonen. 1987;48(5):499-504. PubMed · Publisher

  Abstract

  Asbestos concentrations were measured during the different operations of brake maintenance of passenger cars, trucks and buses in 24 Finnish workplaces. The estimated average asbestos exposure during the workday (8-hr time-weighted average) was 0.1-0.2 fibers/cm3 during brake repair of trucks or buses, and under 0.05 f/cm3 during repair of passenger car brakes when the background concentration was not included in the calculations. The background concentration was estimated to be less than 0.1 f/cm3. During brake maintenance of buses and trucks, heavy exposure, 0.3-125 (mean 56) f/cm3, was observed during machine grinding of new brake linings if local exhaust was not in use. Other short-term operations during which the concentration exceeded 1 f/cm3 were the cleaning of brakes with a brush, wet cloth or compressed air jet. During brake servicing of passenger cars, the concentration of asbestos exceeded 1 f/cm3 only during compressed air blowing without local exhaust. The different methods of decreasing the exposure and the risk of asbestos-related diseases among car mechanics are discussed.

• Asbestos and disease: an industrial hygienist's perspective. M. Corn. 1986;47(9):515-23. PubMed · Publisher

  Abstract

  I have traced a personal thirty year journey of involvement with asbestos in the workplace and the nonoccupational environment, one still in progress, in an attempt to extract selected lessons for the industrial hygienist. Lessons for other professions, namely medicine, law and management have been studiously avoided in the interests of the scope of this presentation and permissible time. There are certainly numerous other lessons to contemplate. The movement of asbestos from the occupational to the nonoccupational environment is a case study that will undoubtedly be followed in the future by other potentially toxic materials. We must determine our position as a profession with regard to the tools we utilize, the procedures we follow, and our understanding of our moral and legal obligations to prepare for the often scientifically and technically unsupportable positions assumed by others, including governmental agencies, in their zeal to bring about change. We must discourage the opportunistic distortion of professional practices in these matters, and must issue well considered statements as a profession, statements relevant to the way these matters are addressed by society. We have a responsibility to lend perspective to these issues, to not permit understandably emotional responses to documented past severe health effects in other areas, such as the case of asbestos in the workplace, to carry over into conditions of very low exposures in the public domain. We must remind people of the relevance of dose-response and toxicological principles to assessment of risk.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

• Indirect exposures: the significance of bystanders at work and at home. P. Grandjean, E. Bach. 1986;47(12):819-24. PubMed · Publisher

  Abstract

  Indirect exposures of adjacent workers occur at work, and family members may be exposed to hazardous substances that are carried home. The significance of such hazard dissemination has been evaluated in studies dealing mostly with asbestos and lead. The general lessons learned from this evidence would suggest that indirect exposures may occur much more commonly than suspected. Thus, improved primary prevention at the workplace also should be aimed at limiting the extent of indirect exposures. In addition, this factor should be taken into account in occupational history-taking and in epidemiological studies.

• Perspectives in the development of asbestos litigation and its future implications. A.H. Parnell. 1986;47(11):708-11. PubMed · Publisher

• Worker exposure to asbestos during removal of sprayed material and renovation activity in buildings containing sprayed material. N.W. Paik, R.J. Walcott, P.A. Brogan. 1983;44(6):428-32. PubMed · Publisher

  Abstract

  Contents and types of asbestos in fireproofing insulation materials sprayed on ceilings of 127 buildings throughout the U.S. were studied. Asbestos was found to be present in more than 50% of the buildings and chrysotile was the main component identified. Frequency distribution of airborne fiber concentrations was lognormal. During renovation activities by various workers, including sheet-metal workers, carpenters and electricians, average fiber concentrations at workers' breathing zones were less than 2 fibers/cc, but exceeded 0.1 fibers/cc. During removal of sprayed materials, workers were exposed to extremely high concentrations (average 16.4 fibers/cc) when dry methods were used. When wet methods were used during removal, the airborne fiber concentrations were sharply reduced to less than 2 fibers/cc.

• Occupational exposure to asbestos fibers resulting from use of asbestos gloves. B.S. Samimi, A.M. Williams. 1981;42(12):870-5. PubMed · Publisher

  Abstract

  To assess the magnitude of fiber emission from asbestos gloves, 10 pairs were compared in an isolation chamber during simulation of a sterilization procedure; 176 air samples were collected. Means of time weighted average (TWA) concentrations ranged from 0.95 to 11.74 fibers (greater than 5 micrometers)/cm3 of air. Well-worn/clean gloves emitted significantly more fibers than did brand-new gloves, but fiber emission decreased with increased surface soiling. Eighty air samples were collected during simulation of the sterilization procedure in a well-ventilated room. The range of mean TWA concentrations was 0.07-0.99 fiber/cm3 for breathing zone samples and 0.06 to 0.60 fiber/cm3 for area samples. Thirteen samples were collected at actual workplaces; the range of TWA concentrations was 0.07-2.93 fibers/cm3 for breathing zone samples and 0.04-0.74 fiber/cm3 for area samples. Five of seven breathing zone samples from workplaces exceeded the proposed TWA concentration limit of 0.1 asbestos fiber/cm3. Hand contamination also was assessed. Four samples collected after touching the worktable ranged from 9953 to 13 108 fibers (greater than 5 micrometers)/cm2 of hand surface area; seven samples collected immediately after taking off gloves ranged from 741 to 3860 fibers/cm2. Available substitutes for asbestos gloves are discussed, and adoption of these substitutes is recommended strongly.

1970s

• Drywall construction and asbestos exposure. A. Fischbein, A.N. Rohl, A.M. Langer, et al. 1979;40(5):402-7. PubMed · Publisher

  Abstract

  The rapid development of the drywall construction trade in the United States is described. It is estimated that some 75,000 U.S. construction workers are currently employed in this trade. The use of a variety of spackle and taping compounds is shown to be associated with significant asbestos exposure; air samples taken in the breathing zone by drywall tapers during sanding of taping compounds show fiber concentrations exceeding, by several times, the maximum level permitted by United States Government regulations. These findings are given together with the result of a clinical field survey of drywall construction workers demonstrating that asbestos disease may be an important health hazard in this trade.

• Characterization of talc and associated minerals. D.H. Hamer, F.R. Rolle, J.P. Schelz. 1976;37(5):296-304. PubMed · Publisher

  Abstract

  The unequivocal identification of mineral impurities in talc requires definitive analytical techniques due to the very similar structure of many naturally occurring silicates and the small quantities of associated minerals frequently found. The instrumental methods and techniques extant for this purpose are reviewed. Light microscopy, x-ray diffractometry, and differential thermal analysis have been found to be particularly useful, complementary, and practical for both exploratory and routine determinations of mineral impurities in the talc matrix. When necessary, transmission electron microscopy is recommended for the analysis of mineral components present at sub-trace levels.

• Technological feasibility of the 2 fibers/cc asbestos standard in asbestos textile facilities. R.A. Curtis, P.H. Bierbaum. 1975;36(2):115-25. PubMed · Publisher

  Abstract

  The technical feasibility of developing dust control practice which would bring the asbestos industry into compliance with the OSHA I fibers/cc standard, scheduled to become effective July 1, 1976, has been questioned since its promulgation. This paper presents the results of industrial hygiene surveys, including the results of 243 asbestos air samples, conducted at two asbestos textile production facilities which have achieved the 2 fibers/cc standard. Both facilities use nonconventional production techniques. Conclusions drawn from the investigations express the need for: (1) a study of new products; (2) a tool to motivate consumers to switch to the new products when appropriate; and (3) legislation which will protect all domestic producers of asbestos textiles from certain producers who do not have to absorb the added expense of meeting the OSHA standard.

• Asbestos, talc and nitrites in relation to gastric cancer. W.E. Smith. 1973;34(5):227-8. PubMed · Publisher

• Application of sprayed inorganic fiber containing asbestos: occupational health hazards. W.B. Reitze, W.J. Nicholson, D.A. Holaday, et al. 1972;33(3):178-91. PubMed · Publisher

  Abstract

  Over 40,000 tons of inorganic fibrous insulation containing asbestos were used in 1970 by the construction industry as a fireproofing material in the erection of multistoried buildings. The application of this material by a spraying technique produces serious contamination of the working environment. Asbestos fiber concentrations may range from 30 f/cc to more than 100 f/cc. Some early observations of the exposures and health of the workmen in this comparatively new occupation are given with photographs of the working areas. Nearby workers may be indirectly exposed. Such concentrations were found to be 70 f/cc ten feet from the spraying and 46 f/cc seventy-five feet away. Control measures are discussed.

  PubMed has no abstract for this study. This is the authors' abstract, copied from the article.

• Determination of iron, chromium, cobalt, nickel, and scandium in asbestos by neutron activation analysis. A. Holmes, A. Morgan, J. Sandalls. 1971;32(5):281-6. PubMed · Publisher

• Techniques for the detection, identification and analysis of fibers. R.G. Keenan, J.R. Lynch. 1970;31(5):587-97. PubMed · Publisher

• The pulmonary response to fibrous dusts of diverse compositions. P. Gross, R.T. deTreville, L.J. Cralley, et al. 1970;31(2):125-32. PubMed · Publisher

1960s

• Fibrous and mineral content of cosmetic talcum products. L.J. Cralley, M.M. Key, D.H. Groth, et al. 1968;29(4):350-4. PubMed · Publisher

• Occupational and "non-occupational" asbestosis in Finland. L. Noro. 1968;29(3):195-201. PubMed · Publisher

  Summary

  In this 1968 Yant Memorial Lecture, the author reviewed Finnish experience with occupational and non-occupational exposure to anthophyllite asbestos, which is quarried in eastern Finland. Finland produced 11,000 metric tons a year. Asbestos had been added to pottery there since about 2500 B.C., and modern industrial exposure had existed since 1918. Of about 225 jobs examined, three-fourths had dust levels under the threshold limits. Dust in the mill and quarry ranged from 7.5 to 100 mg/m3. A 1946 x-ray survey found asbestosis in 126 of 476 workers (26.5%). By 1967, 144 cases had been diagnosed in an industry of about 500 workers, and 35 among insulators. No mesotheliomas were found. In 1967, examination of 135 workers found 37 asbestosis cases, with no lung cancer or mesothelioma. Population x-ray studies found pleural calcifications in 9% of people over 15 in the commune with the quarry, and almost 30% of those over 65. Elsewhere in rural Finland, 7 cases were found among 265,223 people. An autopsy study found asbestos bodies in 57.6% of 264 lungs. According to the Finnish Cancer Register, lung cancer and malignant pleural and peritoneal tumors were not more common in the calcification area during 1953-62. None of 12 recorded Finnish pleural mesotheliomas came from that area. The author concluded that asbestos could be controlled by industrial hygiene and rejected claims that it endangered families and neighbors. He also called for continued dust control and listed unanswered questions.

  PubMed has no abstract for this study, and the article doesn't print one. We wrote this summary from the full article with the help of AI. It is not the authors' wording.

• Exposure to metals in the manufacture of asbestos textile products. L.J. Cralley, R.G. Keenan, J.R. Lynch. 1967;28(5):452-61. PubMed · Publisher

• Measurement of dust exposures in the asbestos textile industry. J.R. Lynch, H.E. Ayer. 1966;27(5):431-7. PubMed · Publisher

  Abstract

  Data obtained from environmental surveys of nine asbestos textile mills, which represent the baseline for the textile segment of the Public Health Service epidemiological study of asbestos processing industries, are presented. From these data concentration ranges are derived which yield significant differences between typical sample groups. Variance ratio tests of different methods of counting and analysis were made and count weight ratios based on magnesium analyses for asbestos were calculated.

  PubMed has no abstract for this study. This is the authors' abstract, copied from the article.

  In plain English

  This 1966 report by United States Public Health Service researchers described dust measurements taken in nine asbestos textile mills from January 1964 to June 1965. These measurements were the baseline for the Service's epidemiological study of the asbestos products industry, which had been under way since January 1964 and had a cohort of over 2500 exposed workers from these mills. The report gave measurements, not health findings. Dust measured with the impinger was generally below the then Threshold Limit Value of 5 million particles per cubic foot. Membrane filter counts found eight times as many fibers as comparable impinger samples. The authors judged most fibers too thin for light microscopy. When samples were sorted into three dustiness groups based on concentration, the two methods agreed in 75% of cases. With six narrower body-burden groups, they agreed in only 50%. Dust levels were more alike across operations within a plant than for one operation across plants. Tests found no significant difference in variability between counting methods. Magnesium analysis gave about 11,000 total fibers per microgram of asbestos. The authors concluded that membrane filter fiber counts appear to have an advantage, since fibers are thought to cause disease while impinger counts are dominated by grains.

  We wrote this plain-English summary from the full article with the help of AI, and a second AI model checked each sentence against the article. It is not the authors' wording; the abstract and the article are their own account.

• Quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis of crocidolite and amosite in bulk or settled dust samples. J.V. Crable, M.J. Knott. 1966;27(5):449-53. PubMed · Publisher

• Asbestos exposure during naval vessel overhaul. W.T. Marr. 1964;25:264-8. PubMed · Publisher

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